Tag Archives: Active Directory

How to escape geoblocking by content providers with Squid

Have you ever encountered content that was “not available in your region” while surfing the web?

Have you ever wanted to watch one of the shows that Netflix has available in another country?

I bet you have, especially if you live outside the United States of America. The solution to this issue is easy enough: you can use a proxy server or VPN service. But there are two issues with that approach:

  • All your internet traffic is going through the VPN. If this can result in very notable delays when surfing your normal websites.
  • You usually have no insight into what kind of logging you VPN provider does. So you really shouldn’t do any sensitive stuff over that connection.

Ideally you would want all of your normal surfing to go out through your normal internet connection and all the region specific stuff through a VPN or some other proxy.
And you can actually build something to do this with Squid. Squid is an Open Source proxy server.

A proxy Server sits between your browser and the websites you want to surf to. It accepts all your requests to surf to certain websites and processes them according to its configuration. Once it has determined that the request is valid, it will contact the web server for you and fetch the content you want. It will then forward it to your browser.
Since it sits in the middle of your traffic, it is the perfect place to redirect some traffic through another connection.

This diagram visualizes the difference between the two options for you:

Diagram of the connections via VPN and via Squid

And this is really just the start of your capabilities of Squid. While this tutorial will only show you a few basics of squid and how you can redirect some content over a VPN or another Squid server, there is so much more that can be done with Squid:

  • Are you on a connection with a fairly low Volume available (like some mobile contracts)?
    No problem! Just crank up the caching in squid and repeated visits of the same website won’t be as demanding on your volume.
  • Have kids that that visit bad websites?
    No problem! You can use squid to filter the internet by pretty much any criteria your want. And you can do it on a per user or computer basis if you need to.
  • You hate ads on websites, but maintaining you Ad-Blockers across all devices is annoying?
    No worries! You can use squid as your Ad-Filter.

Continue reading How to escape geoblocking by content providers with Squid

The shocking Truth about the current state of your Data: How to built a fully encrypted file server with ZFS and Linux to avoid data loss and corruption

Do you know if all the Data on your File Server is OK?

Unless you are already using ZFS, Btrfs or ReFS you don’t. If your file server is a couple of years old, there is a very good chance that your Data is NOT OK.

Your server hardware might tell you everything is OK but that does not really tell you much because none of your monitoring systems check the actual data.

ZFS on the other had knows if your data is ok and can even repair it. I upgraded my file server recently. All the old disks that were still in the pool at the time were OK according to their SMART values. yet look what the monthly check told me:Scrub results of my Old Server almost 2 MB of Data had to be repaired. Just think about that: In just one month almost 2MB of data got corrupted. And right now you don’t know if your server has similar issues. If you did not know it yet this particular issue has a name: Bit Rot and it gets worse the older your current hardware is and more likely the larger your disks are.
You might not realise it but 2MB is a lot of data. It can be an important document or picture. Or it can be that it is just 2MB of a huge CAD file that is totally unreadable without those 2MB.
Granted my old server is quite a bit of an extreme example because I postponed the upgrade quite a bit longer than I originally wanted to. And the disks in it were not meant for this workload.

But I have seen quite a few that storage servers or NAS boxes remained almost untouched until a disk failed or they were full. So old hardware is not all that uncommon, especially at home and in the SMB market.

Now you might think setting up a new file server is easy right? You could just take Server 2012 with ReFS and Storage pools and be done with it.

Technically that is correct, but even in Windows there is really quite a bit more to consider. That being said I want to make the case for Open Source because for this purpose it is simply better than Windows.
In particular I want to show you how to build your file server with ZFS and Linux, two proven Open Source technologies. When you are done the Server will integrate nicely into your windows environment. Your users will not know the difference and you don’t have to get headaches from trying to license Windows correctly.

Continue reading The shocking Truth about the current state of your Data: How to built a fully encrypted file server with ZFS and Linux to avoid data loss and corruption

Setting up an Active Directory authenticated Mumble Server

Basic Setup

Setting up a Mumble server is fairly simple, but I had a few problems to get it to play nice with my Active Directory. And since there wasn’t exactly a great deal of documentation on the subject, I figured that I should write a short How To. Continue reading Setting up an Active Directory authenticated Mumble Server

How to reset a lost password for your only Windows Domain Admin

The Problem

A while ago somebody came to me with a problem. A bunch of Services on their Server stopped working. The admin password in the documentation didn’t work. The Server in question was a SBS with a bunch of additional software that was critical to the business. My questions for Backups were answered with silence.

Continue reading How to reset a lost password for your only Windows Domain Admin

Installing Horde 5 and configuring it for Active Directory and Dovecot

I have been using Horde for quite some time as my Webmail solution. Unfortunately the Update from Horde 4 to Horde 5 always produced some issues on my system, so I decided to do a fresh install. My old Horde was a very simple Setup: It used the IMAP authentication of IMP  to authenticate users against my Active Directory. While this certainly works, this time around I want to configure Horde to authenticate against my Active Directory directly. Additionally I wanted my to use my Active Directory as Global Address Book for Horde.

Continue reading Installing Horde 5 and configuring it for Active Directory and Dovecot

Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 3

Now that OpenVPN was all set up, the only thing left to do was the Automation. The script that I created, takes care of the certificate/key creation of the users, the configuration customization, the configuration delivery, the Certificate Revoke List creation and configuration updates. Since this article is almost exclusively about one script, I will first loose few words about each of the main functions and post the entire script afterwards.

Continue reading Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 3

Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 2

After I outlined the goals for my Project in the last Article, it is time to get to work. This Article will cover the installation and configuration of OpenVPN. I will also explain how chained certificates can be used with OpenVPN. If you follow the my steps, you will have functioning OpenVPN server at the end. My first step was to create a new KVM machine and install Debian Wheezy. I am going to skip the description and assume, that you already have a functioning Linux to install OpenVPN on.

Continue reading Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 2

Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 1

With my new PKI and my Active Directory up and running it was finally time to integrate my OpenVPN into the infrastructure I build over the last couple of months. While I had an OpenVPN running for years now, it was not integrated into any central user database and relied entirely on password protected certificates to authenticate users.

For my new OpenVPN server I considered and tested the OpenVPN Access Server. That is the Commercial Project of OpenVPN, it has a very nice and easy web interface and it is very easy to integrate into Active Directory. I had a test VM set up and all tests went without a glitch. This is probably a very nice solution for most companies and the licensing fees are very reasonable. I was seriously considering to simply buy a couple of licenses and be done with it. In the end however there was some functionality that i missed in the web interface (or maybe have not found). Ultimately i decided to build my own solution since the paid version would not have saved me a whole lot of time.

Continue reading Building an Active Directory Authenticated and Managed OpenVPN Server Part 1

Migrating Postfix and Dovecot from a MySQL User-Database to Active Directory

When I set up my Active Directory, I wanted to migrate all services at home to authenticate against it. Now that I had the AD running and a few not so critical services used it, it was time finally migrate this one. I don’t have an Exchange-Server at home(nor do I want one) and my colleague who tested Openchange said it is not quite ready yet. So I will have to do without Exchange-extensions for the AD. I will still be able to do the basic management for my mail users in the AD, but I won’t be able to use any of the exchange extensions or tools for it. Continue reading Migrating Postfix and Dovecot from a MySQL User-Database to Active Directory